GLOSSARY OF TERMS: JOURNALISM

GLOSSARY OF TERMS: JOURNALISM

Collected by Kajalaknti Karmakar; Reporter ‘Bartaman’

•M:9933066200; eMail: ghatal1947@gmail.com

•Add:An addition to a story already written or in the process of  being written.

•Assignment: Instruction to a reporter to cover an event.

•Attribution: Designation of the person being quoted. Also, the source of information in a story.

•Banner: Headline across or near the top of all or most of a newspaper page. Also called a line, ribbon, streamer, screamer.

•B-Copy: Bottom section of a story written ahead of an event that will occur too close to deadline for the entire story to be processed.

•Beat: Area assigned to a reporter for regular coverage. Also, an exclusive story.

•Break: When a news development becomes known and available. Also, the point of interruption in a story continued from one page to another.

•Bright: Short, amusing story.

•Bulldog: Early edition, usually the first of a newspaper.

•Byline: Name of the reporter who wrote the story, placed atop the published article.

•Cold type: In composition, type set photographically or by pasting up letters and pictures on acetate or paper.

•Correspondent: Reporter who sends news from outside a newspaper office.

•Crony Journalism: Reporting that ignores or treats lightly negative news about friends of a reporter.

•Crop: To cut or mask the unwanted portions, usually of a photograph.

•Cut: Printed picture or illustration. Also, to eliminate material from a story.

•Cut line: Any descriptive or explanatory material under a picture.

•Dateline: Name of the city or town and sometimes the date at the start of a story that is not of local origin.

•Enterprise Copy: Story, often initiated by a reporter, that digs deeper than the usual news story.

•Exclusive: Story a reporter has obtained to the exclusion of the competition.

•Feature: Story emphasizing the human or entertaining aspects of a situation. A news story or other material differentiated from straight news.

•File: To send a story to the office usually by wire or telephone or to put news service stories on the wire.

•Flag: Printed title of a newspaper on page one.

•Folo: Story that follows up on a theme in a news story. (Folo spelling given KKK)

•Freelance: Self-employed and hired to work for different companies on particular assignments

•Futures Calendar: Date book in which story ideas, meetings and activities scheduled for a later occurrence are listed.

•Graf: Abbreviation for paragraph.

•Guild: Newspaper Guild, an international union to which reporters and other newspaper workers belong.

•Handout: Term for written publicity or special-interest news sent to a newspaper for publication

•Hard News: Spot news; live and current news in contrast to features.

•HFR: Abbreviation for “hold for release.” Material that cannot be used until it is released by the source or at a designated time.

•Insert: Material placed between copy in a story.

•Investigative Reporting: Technique use to unearth information that sources often want hidden.

•Jump: Continuation of a story from one page to another.

•Kill: To delete a section from copy or to discard the entire story.

•Lead: First paragraph in a news story.

•Localize: To emphasize the names of persons from the local community who are involved in events outside the city or region.

•LTK: Designation on copy for “lead to come.”

•Makeup: Layout or design. The arrangement of body type, headlines, and illustrations into pages.

•Masthead: Formal statement of newspaper’s name, officers, place of publication and other descriptive information, usually on the editorial page.

•Morgue: Newspaper library.

•News Hole: Space in a newspaper allotted to news, illustrations and other nonadvertising material.

•Off-the-Record: Describes material offered the reporter in confidence. If the reporter accepts the material with this understanding, it cannot be used except as general background in a later story.

•Op-ed Page: Abbreviation for the page opposite the editorial page. The page is frequently devoted to opinion columns and related illustrations.

•Overnight: Story usually written late at night for the afternoon newspapers of the next day.

•Pool: Arrangement whereby limited numbers of reporters and photographers are selected to represent all those assigned to the story.

•Press Release: Publicity handout, or a story given to the news media for publication.

•Puff Piece or Puffery: Publicity story or a story that contains unwarranted superlatives.

•Roundup: A story that joins two or more events with a common theme, such as traffic accidents, weather, police reports.

•Row-Back: A story that attempts to correct a previous story without indicating that the prior story had been in error or without taking responsibility for the error.

•Running Story: Event that develops and is covered over a period of time.

•Sell: Presentation a reporter makes to impress the editor with the importance of his or her story.

•Shirttail: Short, related story added to the end of a longer one.

•Sidebar: Story that emphasizes and elaborates on one part of another nearby story.

•Situation: Story that pulls together a continuing event for the reader who may not have kept track as it unfolded.

•Slant: To write a story so as to influence the reader’s thinking.

•Source: Person, record, document or event that provides the information for the story.

•Split Page: Front page of an inside section.

•Stringer: Correspondent, not a regular staff member, who is paid by the story or by the number of words written.

•Tight: Refers to a paper so crowded with ads that the news space must be reduced.

•Tip: Information passed to a reporter, often in confidence.

•Verification: Determination of the truth of the material the reporter gathers or is given.

•Wire Services: Synonym for press associations, the Associated Press and United Press International.

Broadcasting Terms

•Close-up: Shot of the face of the subject that dominated the frame so that little background is visible.

•Cover Shot: A long shot usually cut in at the beginning of a sequence to establish place or location.

•Cue: A signal in a script or by word or gesture to begin or to stop.

•Cutaway: Transition shot - usually short - from one theme to another; used to avoid jump cut.

•Dissolve: Smooth fading of one picture for another.

•FI or Fade In: A scene that begins without full brilliance and gradually assumes full brightness.

•Lead-in: Introductory statement to film or tape of actual event.

•Lead-out: Copy that comes immediately after tape of film of an actuality.

•Long Shot: Framing that takes in the scene of the event.

•Medium Shot: Framing of one person from head to waist or of a small group seated at a table.

•Montage: A series of brief shots to give a single impression or communicate one idea.

•Outtakes: Scenes that are discarded for the final story.

•Panning or Pan Shot: Moving the camera from left to right or right to left.

•Remote: A taped or live broadcast from a location outside the studio; also, the unit that originates such a broadcast.

•Segue: An uninterrupted transition from one sound to another; a sound dissolve.

•Zooming: Use of a variable focus lens to take close-ups and wide angle shots from a stationary position.
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